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2 Creating a Database UserYou should create at least one database user that you will use to create database objects. A database user is a type of database object: a user is associated with a database schema, you connect to the database as a database user, and the database user is the owner of any database objects (tables and so on) that you create in the schema associated with the user.For example, to create a database user named chris. Follow these steps, using the command line:.Display the SQL command prompt window. For example, on Windows, click Start, then Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Run SQL Command Line.Connect as the SYSTEM user:.Type: connect.Enter user-name: system.Enter password:.Create the user. For example, enter a statement in the following form:SQL create user chris identified by;.Grant the user the necessary privileges.
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For example:SQL grant CREATE SESSION, ALTER SESSION, CREATE DATABASE LINK, -CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM, -CREATE ROLE, CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE SYNONYM, CREATE TABLE, -CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE TYPE, CREATE VIEW, UNLIMITED TABLESPACE -to chris;.Optionally, exit SQL.Plus (which also closes the command window):SQL exit. SQL Developer as an Alternative for Creating Database Users:If you have experience with SQL Developer, you can use it instead of the command line to create a database user, as follows:.Create a database connection for the SYSTEM user.Open that database connection for the SYSTEM user.Right-click the Other Users node in the Connections navigator under that connection.Select Create User, and specify the necessary information. (Under System Privileges, grant ALTER SESSION, CREATE SESSION, CREATE DATABASE LINK, CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM, CREATE ROLE, CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE SYNONYM, CREATE TABLE, CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE TYPE, CREATE VIEW, and UNLIMITED TABLESPACE.).
3 Installing SQL DeveloperYou now want to be able to create and work with database objects (tables, views, procedures, functions, and so on) in the database that you installed. To do this, you can use Oracle SQL Developer and Oracle Application Express (also referred to as Application Express):.SQL Developer is a graphical tool that enables you to browse, create, edit, and delete (drop) database objects; run SQL statements and scripts; edit and debug PL/SQL code; unload (export) and load (import) data; migrate third-party databases to Oracle; and view metadata and data. The instructions in this guide use SQL Developer for getting started with database development.SQL Developer is not packaged with Oracle Database Express Edition, but it is easy to download and install SQL Developer. Much of the Express Edition documentation assumes that you have installed SQL Developer.Application Express is a rapid web application development tool for developing and deploying professional applications.
Application Express has more limited object-creation features than SQL Developer, but Application Express allows you to create form-based applications quickly. This guide includes sections that explain how to create such an application.Application Express is packaged with Oracle Database Express Edition, so no separate download or installation is needed.To install and start SQL Developer:.Go to the Oracle Technology Network page for SQL Developer at. Note:If a Windows 64-bit SQL Developer kit that includes JDK 7 is available, you can download and install that on a Windows 64-bit system, and SQL Developer will use the embedded JDK that is provided with that kit.However, if you need or simply want to use a JDK on your Windows 64-bit system, you can install the JDK (if it is not already installed) and the Windows 32/64-bit SQL Developer kit, and SQL Developer will use the JDK that is installed on your system.If you do not need or want to install a suitable Java Development Kit (JDK 7 or later), go to step 3.
Note:If the Oracle Home on your system is for Release 11.2.0.2 or earlier, you cannot use the Create Local Connections feature of SQL Developer to auto-generate local connections. (The Oracle Home associated with Express Edition is Release 11.2.0.2.)Instead, you must create individual database connections manually, as explained in this section.You can create database connections to the local Express Edition database and to Oracle Database instances on other systems. If you create a connection manually, you can specify the Save Password option to avoid having to enter the password each time you connect, and you can edit the user name and password associated with then connection.To create a new database connection:.In the Connections navigator, right-click the Connections node and select New Database Connection.Use the dialog box to specify information about the connection. Shows the information to create a connection for a database user named CHRIS. Figure 1 Creating a Database ConnectionIn the connection definition in:.Connection Name: An alias for a connection to the database using the information that you enter. Example: xechris.Username: Name of the database user for the connection. This user must have sufficient privileges to perform the tasks that you want to perform while connected to the database.
Example: chris.Password: Password associated with the specified database user.Save Password: Specify this option if you want the password is saved with the connection information; you will not be prompted for the password on subsequent attempts to connect using this connection.Hostname: Host system for the Oracle database. For your Express Edition database, the hostname is localhost.Port: Listener port. The default is 1521.SID: Database name.
The default for Express Edition is xe.Click Test to check if you have entered the correct information for the connection.If the test is not successful, correct information as needed and click Test again.When the test is successful, click Save to save the connection.To open the connection after saving it, you can click Connect. (You can also open the connection using the Connections navigator.)shows the SQL Developer main window after the xechris database connection has been created. 4.2 Working with Database ObjectsTo get started quickly working with database objects, do the short tutorial in the SQL Developer online help (also available in ). This tutorial creates three tables, a sequence, a view, and a PL/SQL procedure for a small library database, and inserts some sample data into the tables. You can create these objects using a database connection to a user that you created (such as one to CHRIS if you used that example).To access this tutorial in the help:.Click Help, then Table of Contents.In the Contents navigator, double-click the topic Tutorial: Creating Objects for a Small Database.Follow the instructions for the major steps in the tutorial.In addition to or instead of doing this tutorial, you can unlock the supplied sample HR user account (see ), and then use a database connection to the HR user to view tables, procedures, and other objects. (You can modify data in the tables owned by HR, but you probably do not want to because many documents show examples that assume the supplied data.)You can also check the many tutorials, demos, courses, and other resources mentioned on the SQL Developer Start Page and on the Oracle Technology Network.
5 Unlocking the Sample User AccountTo view any objects owned by the supplied sample database user named HR, or to create the form-based application as described in, you must first unlock the HR sample account.Oracle Database XE comes with a sample database user named HR. This user owns several database tables in a sample schema for a fictional Human Resources department.
However, for security reasons, this user's account is locked. You need to unlock this account before you can view the HR objects or build any applications that use these objects. You can use either of the following approaches to unlock the account:. 5.1 Unlock HR Using the SQL Command LineTo unlock the sample user account using the SQL command line:.Display the SQL command prompt window.
For example, on Windows, click Start, then Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Run SQL Command Line.Connect as the SYSTEM user:.Type: connect.Enter user-name: system.Enter password:.Enter the following statement to unlock the HR account:SQL ALTER USER hr ACCOUNT UNLOCK;.Enter a statement in the following form to specify the password that you want for the HR user:SQL ALTER USER hr IDENTIFIED BY;.Optionally, exit SQL.Plus (which also closes the command window):SQL exit. 6.1 Getting Started with Application ExpressTo use Application Express, you must create at least one Application Express workspace. For this exercise, you will create a workspace for the HR user, so that you can develop the sample application using the HR database account.
(After you perform the steps in this section, you do not need to repeat them for creating and modifying Application Express applications in this workspace.)To create the Application Express workspace:.From the system menu, navigate to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Started.On the Database home page, click Application Express.On the Login page, log in with the user name and password for the SYSTEM account.On the Oracle Application Express page, create a workspace for the existing database user HR, as shown in. Figure 3 Creating an Application Express WorkspaceDatabase User: Specify Use Existing to create the workspace for the existing database user named HR.Application Express Username: Enter a desired name for the Application Express workspace to be created. Example: hrapexPassword and Confirm Password: Enter the password to be used for the Application Express workspace.Click Create Workspace.On the next page, click the click here link to log in to the workspace.The first time you attempt to access the workspace, you will be prompted to reset the password for the workspace. (You can specify the same password or a different one.). 6.2 Logging in to the Workspace for the Sample AccountTo create the application, you must log in to the workspace that you created in.To log in to the workspace:.From the system menu, navigate to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Started.On the Database home page, click Application Express.On the Login page, click the button Already have an account?
Login Here.Log in to the Application Express workspace.Now you are ready to create your first application using Application Express. 6.3 Creating a Simple ApplicationCreating an application is an easy way to view and edit your database data. 6.4 Running Your New ApplicationTo run your application:.Click the Run Application icon.In the log in page, for User Name and Password, enter the Application Express Username and Password that you specified in. (Example user name: hrapex)Your application appears, showing the EMPLOYEES table.Explore your application.You can query the EMPLOYEES table, if you want. To manage the application, use the Developer toolbar at the bottom on the page.The Developer toolbar offers a quick way to edit the current page, create a new page, control, or component, view session state, or toggle debugging or edit links on and off.To exit your application and return to Application Builder, click Edit Page 1 on the Developer toolbar.To return to the Database Home Page, select the Home breadcrumb at the top of the page.Congratulations! You have just created and run your first application using Application Express with Oracle Database XE. 8 Major Changes for Release 11.2This section summarizes the major changes between Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 and the previous release (10.2).The most obvious difference is in the user interface, specifically the Database Home Page, as explained in.The resource limitations are the same as for Release 10.2, except that you can now store up to 11 GB of user data (not including Express Edition system data), as opposed to 4 GB in Release 10.2.Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 contains a vast set of Oracle Database features that have been introduced since Release 10.2.
In general, Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 contains the features of Oracle Database Standard Edition Release 11.2, except as qualified in. See that manual for detailed information about features that are and are not included in Oracle Database XE. 8.1 User Interface ChangesIn Oracle Database XE Release 11.2, you can use the Database Home Page to perform various database administration tasks, including monitoring database storage, monitoring database sessions, and viewing database initialization parameters. To access Oracle Application Express, click the Application Express button on the Database Home Page and follow the instructions. Once you create a workspace, username, and password, you can access Oracle Application Express directly from your web browser as described in.
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